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CYTOCHROME P450 TOOLS
The cytochrome P450 superfamily (CYP) is a large and diverse group of enzymes. The function of most CYP enzymes is to catalyze the oxidation of organic substances. The substrates of CYP enzymes include metabolic intermediates such as lipids and steroidal hormones, as well as xenobiotic substances such as drugs and other toxic chemicals. CYPs are the major enzymes involved in drug metabolism and bioactivation, accounting for about 75% of the total number of different metabolic reactions.
Products for Cytochrome P450 Tools
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CYP Families in Humans
| CYP1 | Drug and steroid (especially estrogen) metabolism | 3 subfamilies, 3 genes, 1 pseudogene | CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1 |
| CYP2 | Drug and steroid metabolism | 13 subfamilies, 16 genes, 16 pseudogene | CYP2A6, CYP2A7, CYP2A13, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C18, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, CYP2F1, CYP2J2, CYP2R1, CYP2S1, CYP2U1, CYP2W1 |
| CYP3 | Drug and steroid (including testosterone) metabolism | 1 subfamily, 4 genes, 2 pseudogenes | CYP3A4, CYP3A5, CYP3A7, CYP3A43 |
| CYP4 | Arachidonic acid or fatty acid metabolism | 6 subfamilies, 12 genes, 10 pseudogenes | CYP4A11, CYP4A22, CYP4B1, CYP4F2, CYP4F3, CYP4F8, CYP4F11, CYP4F12, CYP4F22, CYP4V2, CYP4X1, CYP4Z1 |
| CYP5 | Thromboxane A2 synthase | 1 subfamily, 1 gene | CYP5A1 |
| CYP7 | Bile acid biosynthesis 7-alpha hydroxylase of steroid nucleus | 2 subfamilies, 2 genes | CYP7A1, CYP7B1 |
| CYP8 | Varied | 2 subfamilies, 2 genes | CYP8A1 (prostacyclin synthase), CYP8B1 (bile acid biosynthesis) |
| CYP11 | Steroid biosynthesis | 2 subfamilies, 3 genes | CYP11A1, CYP11B1, CYP11B2 |
| CYP17 | Steroid biosynthesis, 17-alpha hydroxylase | 1 subfamily, 1 gene | CYP17A1 |
| CYP19 | Steroid biosynthesis: aromatase synthesizes estrogen | 1 subfamily, 1 gene | CYP19A1 |
| CYP20 | Unknown function | 1 subfamily, 1 gene | CYP20A1 |
| CYP21 | Steroid biosynthesis | 2 subfamilies, 1 gene, 1 pseudogene | CYP21A2 |
| CYP24 | Vitamin D degradation | 1 subfamily, 1 gene | CYP24A1 |
| CYP26 | Retinoic acid hydroxylase | 3 subfamilies, 3 genes | CYP26A1, CYP26B1, CYP26C1 |
| CYP27 | Varied | 3 subfamilies, 3 genes | CYP27A1 (bile acid biosynthesis), CYP27B1 (vitamin D3 1-alpha hydroxylase, activates vitamin D3), CYP27C1 (unknown function) |
| CYP39 | 7-alpha hydroxylation of 24-hydroxycholesterol | 1 subfamily, 1 gene | CYP39A1 |
| CYP46 | Cholesterol 24-hydroxylase | 1 subfamily, 1 gene | CYP46A1 |
| CYP46 | Cholesterol biosynthesis | 1 subfamily, 1 gene, 3 pseudogenes | CYP51A1 (lanosterol 14-alpha demethylase) |
